The effect of sea lice infestation on the salinity preference and energetic expenditure of juvenile pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha)

نویسندگان

  • Sandra J. Webster
  • Lawrence M. Dill
  • Kevin Butterworth
چکیده

Ocean-going juvenile salmonids heavily infected with salmon louse, Lepeophtheirus salmonis, have been observed prematurely returning to freshwater. This change in salinity preference may be an attempt either to regain osmotic balance or to remove the lice. For either hypothesis to be true, freshwater habitats must provide infected fish with a higher net fitness than saltwater habitats. The objectives of this study were to use behavioural titration to quantify the energetic cost of different salinities to infected and uninfected pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) and to determine if infection alters salinity preference. Results demonstrate that infection changes the salinity preference of fish from saltwater to freshwater. The cost paid by these freshwater-preferring infected fish foraging in saltwater increased with lice density during trials conducted between 13–33 days after infection. Other infection-induced behavioural changes include a 14-fold increase in the jumping frequency of infected versus control fish and a decrease in foraging between 13 and 33 days after infection. Résumé : On a observé que certains jeunes salmonidés fortement infestés de poux du saumon, Lepeophtheirus salmonis, en route pour l’océan retournent prématurément en eau douce. Ce changement de préférence de salinité peut être une tentative pour retrouver un équilibre osmotique ou pour se débarrasser des poux. Pour que l’une ou l’autre de ces hypothèses se vérifie, il faut que l’habitat d’eau douce procure aux poissons infectés une fitness nette plus grande que les habitats d’eau salée. Les objectifs de notre étude sont d’utiliser le dosage comportemental pour mesurer le coût énergétique des diverses salinités chez des saumons roses (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) infectés et sains et pour déterminer si l’infection modifie la préférence de salinité. Nos résultats démontrent que l’infection change la préférence de salinité des poissons, de l’eau salée vers l’eau douce. Lors d’essais menés entre 13 et 33 jours après l’infection, le coût payé par ces poissons qui préfèrent l’eau douce, mais qui se nourrissent en eau salée, augmente en fonction de la densité des poux. Parmi les autres changements comportementaux induits par l’infection, on note une augmentation de l’ordre de 14 fois de la fréquence des sauts chez les poissons infectés par comparaison aux poissons témoins et une diminution de la recherche de nourriture entre les jours 13 et 33 après l’infection. [Traduit par la Rédaction] Webster et al. 680

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Sea lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) infection rates on juvenile pink (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) and chum (Oncorhynchus keta) salmon in the nearshore marine environment of British Columbia, Canada

This study compared sea lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) infestation rates on juvenile pink (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) and chum (Oncorhynchus keta) salmon in five nearshore areas of the British Columbia coast selected on the basis of proximity to salmon farms. A 10-week study in the Broughton Archipelago found sea lice were 8.8 times more abundant on wild fish near farms holding adult salmon and 5....

متن کامل

Fish farms, parasites, and predators: implications for salmon population dynamics.

For some salmon populations, the individual and population effects of sea lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) transmission from sea cage salmon farms is probably mediated by predation, which is a primary natural source of mortality of juvenile salmon. We examined how sea lice infestation affects predation risk and mortality of juvenile pink (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) and chum (O. keta) salmon, and dev...

متن کامل

The effect of sea lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) on juvenile pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) swimming endurance

The swimming endurance of naturally and experimentally infected juvenile pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) was measured to determine the effects of sea lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis). Salmon naturally infected with adult male and preadult stage lice did not appear to have a reduced swim performance, but when experimentally infected with adult female lice, juvenile salmon showed a reduced abi...

متن کامل

Temporal Patterns of Sea Louse Infestation on Wild Pacific Salmon in Relation to the Fallowing of Atlantic Salmon Farms

—We report on a 3-year study of the infestation rates of the sea louse, Lepeophtheirus salmonis, on wild juvenile pink salmon Oncorhynchus gorbuscha and chum salmon O. keta in the Broughton Archipelago, British Columbia. In 2002, the British Columbia Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries, and Food ordered farm fallowing (i.e., the removal of farmed Atlantic salmon Salmo salar from net-cages) along...

متن کامل

Transmission dynamics of parasitic sea lice from farm to wild salmon.

Marine salmon farming has been correlated with parasitic sea lice infestations and concurrent declines of wild salmonids. Here, we report a quantitative analysis of how a single salmon farm altered the natural transmission dynamics of sea lice to juvenile Pacific salmon. We studied infections of sea lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis and Caligus clemensi) on juvenile pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbus...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

عنوان ژورنال:

دوره   شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2007